Ahavuye isanamu, Village Urugwiro
Abari muri stade Amahoro n’abakurikiye umuhango wo kurahira kwa Perezida Paul Kagame ku cyumweru i Kigali, babonye uko General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan wa Sudan yigaragaje n’imbaraga ubwo yari yerekanywe mu bashyitsi bitabiriye uwo muhango, ndetse n’amashyi no kwiyamirira byo kumwishimira byumvikanye.
Uyu mugabo mu byumweru hafi bibiri bishize yarokotse igitero cy’indege ebyiri za ‘drones’ cyari kigambiriye kumuhitana aho yari ari mu birori byo gusoza amasomo y’abasirikare mu burasirazuba bwa Sudan.
General Burhan ni perezida w’inzibacyuho wa Sudan, igihugu kimaze umwaka urenga mu ntambara bivugwa ko ari yo ikomeye cyane irimo kuba muri iki gihe muri Afurika.
Burhan yaje i Kigali nyuma y’uko uwo bahanganye, General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo na we yari i Kigali mu kwezi kwa Mutarama(1) kw’uyu mwaka.
Gen. Dagalo wahoze yungirije Burhan mbere y’uko bashwana, akuriye umutwe witwara gisirikare wa Rapid Support Forces (RSF) ubu ugenzura igice kinini cy’umurwa mukuru Khartoum ndetse n’ibice by’uburengerazuba bwa Sudan.
Nyuma y’uko imirwano itangiye hagati y’aba bajenerali muri Mata(4) 2023, abantu barenga miliyoni 10 bamaze guhunga bava mu byabo, mu gihe ibihugu birimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubumwe bwa Afurika na ONU birimo gushyira imbaraga mu biganiro byo guhuza impande zombi ngo haboneke agehenge.
Umusesenguzi wa politike mu karere avuga ko impande zihanganye muri iki gihe zirimo gushaka uko zashyigikirwa n’ibihugu, cyane cyane bya Afurika.
“Kigali yari amahirwe akomeye”
Mu mezi ashize, General Dagalo yagaragaye agenderera ibihugu byo mu karere aganira n’abakuru b’ibihugu, ababwira impamvu ye, n’impamvu y’ibirimo kuba mu gihugu cye, mu muhate wo gushaka ko bamushyigikira.
Nyuma yo kwakirwa na Paul Kagame i Kigali muri Mutarama(1) uyu mwaka, General Dagalo yavuze ko yasobanuriye Kagame ibyatumye haduka intambara muri Sudan, kandi ko Kagame “yumvise intego yacu y’ahazaza ha Sudan”, yongeraho ko bizeye “ubunararibonye n’ubuhanga” by’u Rwanda mu kubafasha kuva mu kaga no kugarura amahoro.
Ahavuye isanamu, Village Urugwiro
Amezi arindwi nyuma ya Dagalo, Burhan na we yagaragaye i Kigali, uyu munsi ku wa mbere, ibiro bya perezida w’u Rwanda byatangaje ko Paul Kagame yakiriye General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan wari witabiriye umuhango wo kurahira ku cyumweru. Ibyo bombi baganiriye ntabwo byatangajwe.
Timothy J. Oloo, umwarimu wa siyansi politiki muri kaminuza zo muri Kenya na Tanzania, yabwiye BBC ko kujya i Kigali kwa Burhan yari “amahirwe akomeye” kuri we.
Mu butumwa bwanditse, Oloo yagize ati: “Si kenshi wabonera rimwe, ahantu hamwe, abakuru b’ibihugu 20 bya Afurika. Wenda yari akeneye batatu, bane, cyangwa batanu. I Kigali yari amahirwe akomeye kuri al-Burhan”
Oloo yongeraho ati: “Iruhande rw’abandi bakuru b’ibihugu yaba yaregereye i Kigali ngo bamushyigikire, na Kagame ubwe ni umuntu ubu ufite ijambo rikomeye muri politike ya Afurika. Rero al-Burhan yari akeneye cyane kuba ari i Kigali.”
Umuhate ukomeye w’inzira y’ibiganiro
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Ikiganiro cy’abagore
Ikiganiro cy’abagore kuri BBC Gahuzamiryango
Inkurikirane
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Umuhate wo guhagarika iyi ntambara biciye mu biganiro wageragejwe n’ibihugu n’imiryango y’ibihugu itandukanye mu mezi yashize ntacyo wagezeho kugeza ubu.
Nyuma yo kurokoka cya gitero mu mpera z’ukwezi gushize, ubwo yari ageze ahantu hatekanye, Gen Burhan yasubiwemo n'ibiro ntaramakuru AFP agira ati: “Ntituzasubira inyuma, ntituzamanika intwaro, kandi ntituzagirana ibiganiro”.
Gusa nyuma y’umuhate wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ubutegetsi bwe buherutse kwemera ibiganiro n’uruhande rwa Dagalo, ariko bushyiraho ibigomba kubahirizwa mbere y’ibyo biganiro.
Ibi byafashwe nk’igihato mbere y’uko n’ibyo biganiro bigomba kubera i Genève/Geneva mu Busuwisi kuva ku wa gatatu tariki 14 Kanama(8) bitangira.
Igihe yari i Kigali, intumwa za leta ya Burhan na zo zahuriye i Jeddah muri Arabia Saoudite na Tom Periello intumwa yihariye ya leta ya Washington, ngo baganire by’ibanze ku biganiro by’i Geneve. Ibinyamakuru muri Sudan bivuga ko ibiganiro by’i Jeddah byarangiye ntacyo bumvikanye n’intumwa ya Amerika.
Amerika yarimo igerageza ngo leta ya Burhan ikureho ibyo yasabye ko bigomba kubahirizwa mbere yo kuganira n’uruhande rwa Dagalo i Genève.
Aya makuru yatumye ikizere cy’agahenge hagati muri iyi ntambara imaze amezi 16 cyongera kuyoyoka, ubu ntibizwi niba uruhande rwa Burhan ruzitabira ibiganiro byo ku wa gatatu.
Gusa nubwo byagenze bityo Periello we yatangaje ko yerekeje i Genève. Byitezwe ko umutwe wa RSF uzitabira, ariko niba uruhande rwa Burhan rutitabiriye, nta cyizere byaba bitanga.
Timothy Oloo abona ko Burhan yiringiye ahanini gushyigikirwa n’abakuru b’ibihugu bya Afurika, “kuko n’ibihugu byinshi bimufata nka perezida nyawe wa Sudan”, nubwo ubu agenzura igice cy’igihugu.
Amakuru aheruka avuga ko abarwanyi ba RSF barimo gusatira umujyi wa Port-Sudan ku nyanja itukura aho leta ya Burhan ubu ikorera.
Ibi byumvikanisha ko yaba akeneye ubufasha no gushyigikirwa “biboneka ko arimo gushaka hirya no hino muri iki gihe”, nk’uko Timothy Oloo abivuga.
Uko byageze aha
Nyuma y'impinduramatwara ya 2019 yakuyeho uwari perezida Omar al-Bashir, Gen Burhan yashinzwe kuyobora inzibacyuho yagombaga gushyiraho ubutegetsi bwa gisivile, gusa mu 2021 Burhan yakuyeho abagize Inama y'Inzibacyuho yari ayoboye ashyiraho abandi bashya, ibyafashwe nka 'coup d'état' n'abatavuga rumwe na we.
Ibintu ntibyagenze neza, hakomeje imyigaragambyo yamagana igikorwa cya Burhan, n'impagarara mu gihugu.
Mu kwezi kwa Werurwe(3) 2023, Gen Mohamed Dagalo wari wungirije Burhan yatangaje kuri televiziyo ko ‘coup d'état’ yo mu 2021 "yari ikosa" kandi isa n’iyagaruyeho abari ku butegetsi bwa Omar al-Bashir.
Ahavuye isanamu, AFP
Burhan yari umukuru w’igihugu, Dagalo wari umwungirije ariko anakuriye umutwe wa RSF, yavuze ibyo mu gihe hari hashize ibyumweru Burhan aburira ko atazihanganira imyitwarire ya RSF yashinjaga kwifata nk’igisirikare cyigenga, aho kuba umutwe umwe mu yindi igize ingabo za leta.
Nyuma y’ibyumweru by’umwuka mubi hagati ya Burhan na Dagalo, tariki 15 Mata(4) 2023 imirwano ikomeye yatangiriye mu murwa mukuru Khartoum no mu yindi mijyi nka Omdurman, El-Fasher na Port-Sudan, abarwanyi ba RSF batana mu mitwe n’ingabo za leta, kuva ubwo kugeza magingo aya.
Ihuriro ry'abaganga muri Sudan rivuga ko abantu barenga 40,000 bamaze gupfa kuva iyi ntambara yatangira, ko muri bo abarenga 20,000 bapfiriye mu mirwano, 16,000 bakicwa no kubura ubuvuzi n'inzara, abandi ku zindi mpamvu zijyanye n'iyi ntambara.
